Homintern was a term used from the 1930s onwards for a supposed conspiracy of gay men in elite positions who allegedly controlled the arts, scholarship and/or the theatre world. The word is a play on "Comintern," the short name of the Communist International and was used because it was believed that such homosexuals, being enemies of traditional values, were active Communists as well. What was termed the "Homintern" in the 20th century is now more often described as the "Gay Mafia".
The earliest dated reference to the term seems to be from 1937, when the classical scholar Maurice Bowra referred to himself as a member of the Homintern.[1]However, there are competing claims about who coined it:
| “ | [1930s?] "The new literary fashion then in the ascendant dominated by what Jocelyn Brooke (himself homosexual, but detached from 'committed' writing) used to call The Homintern, was unsympathetic to me; at the same time the fourth novel on which I was now at work - to have the titleAgents and Patients - did not entirely satisfy my own standards in breaking fresh ground."- Anthony Powell (1981)[2] | ” |
| “ | "A Playboy of the Western World: St. Oscar, the Homintern Martyr" - Title of a review by W. H. Auden of The Paradox of Oscar Wilde by George Woodcock, in Partisan Review, April 1950. | ” |
| “ | "The word 'Homintern', which I coined in 1939, is attributed to Auden, who used it in an article in the Parisian Review about 1941, and has passed into the language. A takeoff on Comintern (Communist International), it was meant to convey the idea of a global homosexual community." –Harold Norse (1989; correction: Auden's first articles in Parisian Review was in 1950)[3] | ” |
| “ | "Anthony Powell suggested that his friend Jocelyn Brooke invented the term that Harold Nurse tells us Auden stole from him. Whoever invented it provided us with a splendid word to explain the social and cultural power of homosexuality." –Patrick Higgins (1993)[4] | ” |
"Homintern" appeared in a number of mass-circulation magazine articles during the 1960s.[5] These magazine articles were often illustrated with the colorlavender and the Homintern was sometimes called "the lavender conspiracy." It was claimed that there was a secret worldwide network of gay art gallery owners,ballet directors, movie producers, record label executives, and photographers who, behind the scenes, determined who would become successful artists,dancers, actors, and models.[citation needed]
The term "Homintern" was used in articles even in liberal magazines such as Ramparts, which in 1966 published an article by Gene Marine about the Homintern. It was frequently used in the conservative magazine National Review.[citation needed] William F. Buckley, Jr. sometimes warned of the machinations of the Homintern on his TV talk show Firing Line. It was believed by some conservatives that the Homintern deliberately manipulated the culture to encourage homosexuality by promoting camp programs such as the popular 1960s TV series Batman.[citation needed]
References[edit]
- ^ “Bowra, Sir (Cecil) Maurice (1898–1971)” by L. G. Mitchell, ‘’Oxford Dictionary of National Biography’’, http://www.oxforddnb.com
- ^ Anthony Powell, Faces in My Time, Vol. 3 of To Keep the Ball Rolling: Memoirs by Anthony Powell), Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1981, ISBN 9780030210013, no page
Anthony Powell: To Keep the Ball Rolling: The Memoirs of Anthony Powell (new edition, abridged), University of Chicago Press, 2001, ISBN 9780226677217, p. 221 - ^ Harold Norse: Memoirs of a Bastard Angel, W. Morrow, 1989, ISBN 9780688067045, p. 77
- ^ A Queer Reader, ed. Patrick Higgins, Fourth Estate (UK), 1993, p. 315
- ^ Michael S. Sherr (25 November 2007). "Gay Artists in Modern American Culture: An Imagined Conspiracy". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
Further reading[edit]
- Sherry, Michael S. (2007). Gay Artists in Modern American Culture: An Imagined Conspiracy. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-3121-2.
- Woods, Gregory (May 2003). "The 'Conspiracy' of the 'Homintern'". The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide 10 (3). Retrieved 2009-03-28.[dead link]
- Engel, Randy, The Rite of Sodomy: Homosexuality and the Roman Catholic Church, New Engel Publishing, Export-PA, 2006 ISBN 0-9778601-3-2
External links[edit]
- THOMAS MALLON (November 11, 2007). "The Homintern". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-05., by Thomas Mallon, book review of Gay Artists in Modern American Culture: An Imagined Conspiracy, New York Times Book Review, Sunday, 2007-11-11. Retrieved 2007-11-16.
- "They're here, queer, and art pioneers:, by Lisa Montanarelli, book review of Gay Artists in Modern American Culture: An Imagined Conspiracy, San Francisco Chronicle Book Review, Sunday, 2007-11-25. Retrieved 2007-11-26.
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