The Jasenovac Concentration Camp was established by the Ustaše regime, a fascist and ultranationalist movement, during World War II in the Independent State of Croatia, which was a puppet state of Nazi Germany. Located in modern-day Croatia, Jasenovac became one of the largest and most brutal concentration camps in Europe. Jasenovac was primarily used to imprison and exterminate ethnic and religious minorities, particularly Serbs, Jews, Roma people, and anti-fascist Croats. The conditions in the camp were extremely harsh, and prisoners faced widespread torture, forced labor, and systematic killings. The methods of mass murder employed at Jasenovac were exceptionally brutal. They included shootings, beatings, hanging, and a particularly notorious method called the "piccolo" (small flute), where victims were tied together and thrown alive into the Sava River, while the Ustaše guards played music to drown out their screams. Estimates of the number of victims at Jasenovac vary widely, but it is believed that tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of people perished there. The exact figure is difficult to determine due to the deliberate destruction of records by the Ustaše before the end of the war.
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